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So far, it’s been 9 years and counting without a fatal accident for a US carrier.

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These facilities are responsible for controlling aircraft en route in a particular volume of airspace (a Flight Information Region) at high altitudes between airport approaches and departures, while the towers just control the airport’s airspace.

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These are radar installations that are within 30-50 nautical miles of an airport that work with towers and Route Traffic to direct planes.

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For inter-airport, as well as across various airports – dedicated lines so that airports don’t need to rely on outside telecommunications utilities.